China Economic Net Beijing January 17 (Reporter Wang Xinchuan) People's Bank of China Deputy Governor Du Jinfu yesterday entitled, system, the role of co-ordination with various departments and regions together, and steadily building a social credit system in China, China's social credit environment is improving.
a CPC Central Committee and State Council attached great importance to the social credit system construction
social credit system is an important market economy system in the arrangements. Construction of social credit system is to improve China's socialist market economic system, maintain a sustained steady growth and guard against financial risks, the objective to improve the financial environment needs. In the current market, economic activities, evasion of debts, defaulted loans, tax evasion, tax fraud, commercial fraud, illegal fund-raising and other phenomena occur, the social economic order and financial environment had a negative impact. Accelerate the construction of social credit system, for preventing and punishing acts of dishonesty, to promote financial ecological environment, and maintain normal social and economic order, to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people, promote the government departments perform their duties according to law, have important practical significance.
the State Council on the construction of social credit system attaches great importance to many clearly building a social credit system to a socialist market economic system as a basic system task. China's In 2007, the State Council recorded as a key operating mechanism. Third Plenary Session also focused on Seventh session of the Fifth Plenary Session adopted the At present, the social credit system construction plan has been clearly classified as
for further co-ordination, speed up the construction of social credit system, in 2007, led by the State Council held a social credit system the first meeting of the Inter-Ministerial Joint implement the deployment of construction of social credit system to promote the ten key work needed. In 2008, the State Council People's Bank of commitment to further define In the People's Bank and various departments and jointly promote the region, China's social credit system into a more rapid period of development.
Second, the social credit system construction work steadily
coordinated at the joint meeting, the various departments and localities to fully This initiative, the use of existing experience and resources, combines unified and separate, slice convergence, formation of joint construction of social credit system to promote the work. The People's Bank in conjunction with relevant departments to play their own advantages, and promote sound credit and regulations, systems and standards, accelerate the construction of enterprise and individual credit system, promoting small and medium enterprises and rural credit system, enhance the cultivation and management of credit markets and maintain credit information the main legal rights, and vigorously carry out publicity and education activities in credit, in the construction of social credit system has done a lot to explore positive and useful.
(a) establish a sound credit and regulations, systems and standards
present, the focus of social credit system is to establish an effective regulatory, institutional, and promote the credit information system, the information according to records, registration, display, share, and using this to all departments and localities to carry out administrative law enforcement and credit building services, and urge enterprises ( units) and individuals better and trustworthy. People's Bank of efforts to increase the system construction. One is to actively cooperate with relevant departments to promote the The second is to formulate and release Third, the implementation of Fourth, to formulate and release bond market, credit rating norms
In addition, the People's Bank to actively promote the standardization of credit. Up to now, has released seven financial industry standards, a standard in national standard-setting plan.
(b) build and improve the national unity of enterprise and individual credit information system
establish a unified national enterprises and individuals credit information database, the enterprise and individual credit information system is to improve the financial environment in China, improve the financial infrastructure of important initiatives. Conscientiously implement the State Council People's Bank of leadership on the social credit system Commercial banks began to focus on organization building a unified national enterprise and individual credit system. The system was formally established in 2006, and run the national network.
enterprise and individual credit system led by the Government, a national network, the unified management of all data sets stored in a central database; the database information is mainly credit information, has been with all commercial banks, policy banks, credit unions and other financial institutions connected, but also with the Ministry of Public Security of the population database networking, personal identity information online verification of authenticity. As of the end of 2010, the system has nearly 17 million were more than 777 million businesses and individuals to establish a credit file.
(c) promote the SME credit system
financing of SMEs is a worldwide problem, information asymmetry is important reason. To further support the market are profitable and trustworthy development of SMEs, credit information services play in alleviating the financing of SMEs in the important role of credit system for SMEs to explore long-term mechanism, in accordance with work plans of the State Council, People's Bank in conjunction with relevant sector, the establishment of the characteristics of SMEs for credit collection system, rating system and penalizing bad release mechanism to study the development of SME credit system management. First, small and medium enterprises to actively collect information, the establishment of SME credit information repository, SME credit rating organizations; the second is a combination of fiscal and financial policies, by means of credit to cultivate, and guide financial institutions to increase credit support for SMEs; third implementation of the Fourth is to expand SME credit and related financial knowledge, information and training.
in-depth on a pilot basis, in 2007, with no credit relationship with a bank targeted at small and medium enterprises SMEs credit system to promote the start of the whole country. Local realities, and actively explore, Changzhou, Nantong, Sichuan Suining and many other places created a number of effective work mechanisms and models, and achieved good results. To further encourage and guide the construction of credit system for SMEs, 2010, the People's Bank of the at the same time, further support SMEs financing.
(d) promoting rural credit system
rural finance has been the weak link in China's financial system. Strengthen the rural credit system, improve the environment for rural credit and financing environment, not only the sound operation of rural finance, but also between rural infrastructure and modern agricultural development, relations between economic prosperity in rural areas and farmers income. In recent years, the People's Bank to actively promote local government and relevant departments to study the development of the rural credit system to promote policies and measures, has led the establishment of rural credit system to promote the organization and coordination bodies; organization for farmers and related financial knowledge of credit information, education and popularization; promote the establishment of financial institutions in rural areas, farmers electronic credit file, and with financial institutions, credit intermediaries and other research to establish farmer credit evaluation system, users continue to promote the faith, credit village, township building credit; gradually run enterprise and individual credit information system extended to rural areas.
2009, the People's Bank issued a All localities and departments innovative ways of working have emerged, like many of Lishui, Zhejiang, Guangxi Tiandong, Anhui Tongcheng, Yunfu, Guangdong, Qinghai, unique, effective, suitable for the characteristics of local rural areas, rural credit system construction model.
(e) to develop and regulate the credit market
recent years, the People's Bank to focus on actively promoting credit rating levy letter market. First, the credit markets credit rating for the cultivation of business organizations have established lines of credit rating key contact system. Second, the credit guarantee institutions to promote credit rating, credit guarantee institutions to establish and improve the credit rating system. The third is to regulate and promote the inter-bank bond market, credit rating business, requires five engaged in inter-bank bond market, credit rating agencies have signed the Convention on self-discipline, and begin using the system for rating the results of PD tests. Fourth, in order to promote the development of commercial acceptance bill business, study and formulate a Currently, the commercial acceptance bill credit rating has been in Shanghai, Zhejiang and Sichuan pilot.
to regulate the credit market operations, and effectively protect the credit information of the main interests of the People's Bank credit to strengthen the market supervision and management. First, the commercial banks to submit data, information inquiry and compliance with other aspects of a comprehensive examination; second objection is to carry out processing of personal credit information for the special examination, covering the initial establishment of the People's Bank branches, commercial banks and the levy credit dispute letter agencies handling complaints, litigation case reporting system; and the third is the implementation of rating agencies conduct a special inspection system, standardized ratings market.
(f) credit vigorously carry out publicity and education activities
for the public's knowledge of credit and related financial education is to improve the national credit awareness, improve the social credit environment, the basic work, social credit system is an important part of building work. In recent years, the People's Bank from time to time to carry out media campaigns, public interest organizations, financial knowledge and exhibition, to carry out credit awareness week, day care activities such as credit history; organized the compilation of the Who Moved My credit Meanwhile, according to students, employees and other financial institutions, the characteristics of specific populations, respectively, and the education sector, the labor security department to study the content of publicity and education to promote the credit information into the regular national education system and laid-off workers re-employment training system, enhance the credit knowledge targeted publicity, the initial publicity and education work to establish a long-term credit mechanism.
Third, the social credit system construction work has been noticed
recent years, various localities and departments and the general importance actively promote the social credit system, in accordance with the Joint meeting of the People's Bank system into full play the role of co-ordination, together with the relevant localities and departments to address social credit system construction in major problems. Currently, the credit information in economic development and social construction of value and function is gradually revealed, the social credit system construction has been noticed.
(a) of the credit system construction of social credit system in a significant effect on
credit by the central People's Bank of China unification centralized operation of the national enterprise and individual credit information system, has become an important social credit system in the infrastructure, economic and social life in our country plays an active role. Enterprise and individual credit information system operation, and promote the concept of commercial banks, management and business process changes, in the prevention of credit risk, reduce loan losses and improve credit market efficiency, promote the settlement of the problem of financing small and medium enterprises and the promotion of economic and financial health a significant effect on development. At present, the enterprise and individual credit system has become a commercial bank loan to go through before the review link in the post-loan management of commercial banks also play an important role. As of the end of 2010, business credit information system reached 152 million total query times, the personal credit information system, the total query volume to total 812 million times. According to the People's Bank of China Credit Information Center survey, only the third quarter of 2010, commercial banks use credit information system, refused to apply for high credit risk customers 66.19 billion yuan, warning high-risk loans to 48.07 billion yuan, 4.73 billion yuan of bad loans received clearance .
enterprise and individual credit information system to provide credit reports to credit information is becoming the core, fully reflect the corporate and personal debt pay back the money, compliance with contracts and compliance status The People's Bank with the relevant departments, enterprises and individuals gradually in product quality, environmental protection, social security, foreign exchange and other information included in the administrative penalty credit system. Commercial banks strictly implement the law-abiding consciousness.
(b) of the steady progress in building the industry of credit departments
full advantage of industry management, trade credit building steadily . First, the rules and regulations of the industry to further improve and strengthen the administrative management and law enforcement, increased illegal, the cost of bad faith; Second, imputation credit information industry, to further accelerate the construction of information systems, such as Business Administration, General Administration of Customs Department of General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection Department, relying on the construction; Third Administration of Quality Supervision, General Administration of Customs and other departments to speed up the implementation of the credit classification management efforts to further improve the efficiency of supervision; four credit information sharing between the department continued to deepen, information and cross-matching audit intensified, improve the joint monitoring capabilities. Currently, the joint working on the drafting of the law enforcement information systems, improve the credit information industry, resources, collect records of credit information industry, the progressive realization of sector, industry and the exchange of credit information among applications, and credit information in accordance with laws of social services.
(c) the working mechanism of the local credit system to explore the gradual improvement in the local
building with local Social Credit practical, innovative working mechanism, developed their own beneficial exploration. One mechanism to further improve organizational leadership, defined the lead department, the implementation of the work responsibilities. Currently there are 17 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) to establish a clear lead by the People's Bank of the social credit system construction of local joint system or the leadership group, and many cities have been set up in joint meetings or leading group. Second, explore the establishment of relevant rules and regulations, introduced a standardized credit information disclosure, and the use of imputation rules. Third, some provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) was established by the local People's Bank of Commerce and Industry, the joint participation of public security and other multi-sectoral information sharing platform for a unified, all departments of government information 归集 to explore information sharing mechanism. Fourth, to carry out regional cooperation in exploring and building a regional community credit demonstration area. In 2008, the People's Bank of Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, three signed the
(d) rural credit system for SMEs and made significant progress in
with SMEs and the rural credit system to further promote the SME credit file information and credit files farmers constantly enrich and improve, to address the financing of SMEs and farmers played an active role in getting loans. As of the end of November 2010, to supplement and improve the national total of 2,134,000 small and medium information, there are 257,000 SMEs in the information supplement and perfect the intent to obtain bank credit, of which 148,000 SMEs access to bank loans, the loan balance of 2.7501 trillion yuan, a total total 5.0519 trillion yuan to obtain loans. As of the third quarter of 2010, the country has 2,455 counties (cities, districts) to carry out the construction of household credit file, 2157 counties (districts) has been established farmer credit evaluation system. Financial institutions in rural areas of the country a total of 127 million farmers to establish a credit file, and one of 80.37 million households were credit rating. Farmers have established credit file credit support for farmers to get up to 72.54 million, the loan amounts incurred more than 2.95 trillion yuan, balance of loans was 1.24 trillion yuan.
receivables pledge registration publicity system is running more than 3 years by financial institutions in the community, especially the widely welcomed, the continued registration and query volume growth, improvement of small and medium highlighted the effectiveness of corporate finance. As of the end of 2010, registration of pledge of accounts receivable volume has more than 280,000 document, a total of nearly 36 million pen inquiries, including small and medium enterprises to reach 164,900 total registration amount in pen. Receivables pledge registration publicity system for the protection of the interests of the Pledgee provided support to effectively alleviate the problem of limited resources, SMEs Real estate, as security for a new way of small and medium enterprises.
(e) The credit market has been rapid development
present, engaged in the credit registry, credit investigation and credit rating The nearly 200 credit institutions are basically in accordance with market principles, market is expanding. Have engaged in a number of rating agencies has been the main credit rating companies and corporate bonds, financial bonds, structured finance, debt and other long-term bond credit rating capabilities, and in the country has a certain credibility. Only the first three quarters of 2010, a total rating of 24,500 completed the main document the credit markets, including completion of the Borrower rating 22624 T; complete 1332 document security company's credit rating; to complete the debt rating of 723 pen, 187 pen in which corporate bond rating, financial bond rating 352 pen. In just a few years time, the People's Bank of China Credit Information Center has become the world's population, covering the largest number of institutions and credit registries such institutions. Credit market development in China to promote business and personal finance, credit risk management to improve the level of commercial banks play an important role.
(vi) awareness of social credit
increased significantly in recent years has been gradually deeply rooted sense of social credit, social credit construction significance has also been widely recognized by the community. Credit environment, credit rating and credit history has become the measure of a region, business or personal credit the main basis. Local governments have increased the social credit system to the development of a modern market economy is related to the strategic level; many companies will credit the corporate culture into the core values; more and more individuals take the initiative to check their credit report, concerned about their credit history. Personal initiative to check their credit report the number of trips from 97 in 2006 rose rapidly to 127.5 million in 2010. Gradually raise the awareness of social credit, while business and personal behavior change, and some businesses and individuals take the initiative to return the taxes, wages, debt, etc., consciously abide by the law.
social credit system is a long and arduous task, is a need for the various regions and departments and the community to participate in joint efforts of systems engineering. Outlook further improve the social credit environment, economic and social development for the good service!
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